• File: ms-site.php
  • Full Path: /home/u505525515/domains/medineeestates.com/public_html/wp-includes/ms-site.php
  • Date Modified: 05/25/2026 6:29 AM
  • File size: 40.75 KB
  • MIME-type: text/x-php
  • Charset: utf-8
<?php
/**
 * Site API
 *
 * @package WordPress
 * @subpackage Multisite
 * @since 5.1.0
 */

/**
 * Inserts a new site into the database.
 *
 * @since 5.1.0
 *
 * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
 *
 * @param array $data {
 *     Data for the new site that should be inserted.
 *
 *     @type string $domain       Site domain. Default empty string.
 *     @type string $path         Site path. Default '/'.
 *     @type int    $network_id   The site's network ID. Default is the current network ID.
 *     @type string $registered   When the site was registered, in SQL datetime format. Default is
 *                                the current time.
 *     @type string $last_updated When the site was last updated, in SQL datetime format. Default is
 *                                the value of $registered.
 *     @type int    $public       Whether the site is public. Default 1.
 *     @type int    $archived     Whether the site is archived. Default 0.
 *     @type int    $mature       Whether the site is mature. Default 0.
 *     @type int    $spam         Whether the site is spam. Default 0.
 *     @type int    $deleted      Whether the site is deleted. Default 0.
 *     @type int    $lang_id      The site's language ID. Currently unused. Default 0.
 *     @type int    $user_id      User ID for the site administrator. Passed to the
 *                                `wp_initialize_site` hook.
 *     @type string $title        Site title. Default is 'Site %d' where %d is the site ID. Passed
 *                                to the `wp_initialize_site` hook.
 *     @type array  $options      Custom option $key => $value pairs to use. Default empty array. Passed
 *                                to the `wp_initialize_site` hook.
 *     @type array  $meta         Custom site metadata $key => $value pairs to use. Default empty array.
 *                                Passed to the `wp_initialize_site` hook.
 * }
 * @return int|WP_Error The new site's ID on success, or error object on failure.
 */
function wp_insert_site( array $data ) {
    global $wpdb;

    $now = current_time( 'mysql', true );

    $defaults = array(
        'domain'       => '',
        'path'         => '/',
        'network_id'   => get_current_network_id(),
        'registered'   => $now,
        'last_updated' => $now,
        'public'       => 1,
        'archived'     => 0,
        'mature'       => 0,
        'spam'         => 0,
        'deleted'      => 0,
        'lang_id'      => 0,
    );

    $prepared_data = wp_prepare_site_data( $data, $defaults );
    if ( is_wp_error( $prepared_data ) ) {
        return $prepared_data;
    }

    if ( false === $wpdb->insert( $wpdb->blogs, $prepared_data ) ) {
        return new WP_Error( 'db_insert_error', __( 'Could not insert site into the database.' ), $wpdb->last_error );
    }

    $site_id = (int) $wpdb->insert_id;

    clean_blog_cache( $site_id );

    $new_site = get_site( $site_id );

    if ( ! $new_site ) {
        return new WP_Error( 'get_site_error', __( 'Could not retrieve site data.' ) );
    }

    /**
     * Fires once a site has been inserted into the database.
     *
     * @since 5.1.0
     *
     * @param WP_Site $new_site New site object.
     */
    do_action( 'wp_insert_site', $new_site );

    // Extract the passed arguments that may be relevant for site initialization.
    $args = array_diff_key( $data, $defaults );
    if ( isset( $args['site_id'] ) ) {
        unset( $args['site_id'] );
    }

    /**
     * Fires when a site's initialization routine should be executed.
     *
     * @since 5.1.0
     *
     * @param WP_Site $new_site New site object.
     * @param array   $args     Arguments for the initialization.
     */
    do_action( 'wp_initialize_site', $new_site, $args );

    // Only compute extra hook parameters if the deprecated hook is actually in use.
    if ( has_action( 'wpmu_new_blog' ) ) {
        $user_id = ! empty( $args['user_id'] ) ? $args['user_id'] : 0;
        $meta    = ! empty( $args['options'] ) ? $args['options'] : array();

        // WPLANG was passed with `$meta` to the `wpmu_new_blog` hook prior to 5.1.0.
        if ( ! array_key_exists( 'WPLANG', $meta ) ) {
            $meta['WPLANG'] = get_network_option( $new_site->network_id, 'WPLANG' );
        }

        /*
         * Rebuild the data expected by the `wpmu_new_blog` hook prior to 5.1.0 using allowed keys.
         * The `$allowed_data_fields` matches the one used in `wpmu_create_blog()`.
         */
        $allowed_data_fields = array( 'public', 'archived', 'mature', 'spam', 'deleted', 'lang_id' );
        $meta                = array_merge( array_intersect_key( $data, array_flip( $allowed_data_fields ) ), $meta );

        /**
         * Fires immediately after a new site is created.
         *
         * @since MU (3.0.0)
         * @deprecated 5.1.0 Use {@see 'wp_initialize_site'} instead.
         *
         * @param int    $site_id    Site ID.
         * @param int    $user_id    User ID.
         * @param string $domain     Site domain.
         * @param string $path       Site path.
         * @param int    $network_id Network ID. Only relevant on multi-network installations.
         * @param array  $meta       Meta data. Used to set initial site options.
         */
        do_action_deprecated(
            'wpmu_new_blog',
            array( $new_site->id, $user_id, $new_site->domain, $new_site->path, $new_site->network_id, $meta ),
            '5.1.0',
            'wp_initialize_site'
        );
    }

    return (int) $new_site->id;
}

/**
 * Updates a site in the database.
 *
 * @since 5.1.0
 *
 * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
 *
 * @param int   $site_id ID of the site that should be updated.
 * @param array $data    Site data to update. See {@see wp_insert_site()} for the list of supported keys.
 * @return int|WP_Error The updated site's ID on success, or error object on failure.
 */
function wp_update_site( $site_id, array $data ) {
    global $wpdb;

    if ( empty( $site_id ) ) {
        return new WP_Error( 'site_empty_id', __( 'Site ID must not be empty.' ) );
    }

    $old_site = get_site( $site_id );
    if ( ! $old_site ) {
        return new WP_Error( 'site_not_exist', __( 'Site does not exist.' ) );
    }

    $defaults                 = $old_site->to_array();
    $defaults['network_id']   = (int) $defaults['site_id'];
    $defaults['last_updated'] = current_time( 'mysql', true );
    unset( $defaults['blog_id'], $defaults['site_id'] );

    $data = wp_prepare_site_data( $data, $defaults, $old_site );
    if ( is_wp_error( $data ) ) {
        return $data;
    }

    if ( false === $wpdb->update( $wpdb->blogs, $data, array( 'blog_id' => $old_site->id ) ) ) {
        return new WP_Error( 'db_update_error', __( 'Could not update site in the database.' ), $wpdb->last_error );
    }

    clean_blog_cache( $old_site );

    $new_site = get_site( $old_site->id );

    /**
     * Fires once a site has been updated in the database.
     *
     * @since 5.1.0
     *
     * @param WP_Site $new_site New site object.
     * @param WP_Site $old_site Old site object.
     */
    do_action( 'wp_update_site', $new_site, $old_site );

    return (int) $new_site->id;
}

/**
 * Deletes a site from the database.
 *
 * @since 5.1.0
 *
 * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
 *
 * @param int $site_id ID of the site that should be deleted.
 * @return WP_Site|WP_Error The deleted site object on success, or error object on failure.
 */
function wp_delete_site( $site_id ) {
    global $wpdb;

    if ( empty( $site_id ) ) {
        return new WP_Error( 'site_empty_id', __( 'Site ID must not be empty.' ) );
    }

    $old_site = get_site( $site_id );
    if ( ! $old_site ) {
        return new WP_Error( 'site_not_exist', __( 'Site does not exist.' ) );
    }

    $errors = new WP_Error();

    /**
     * Fires before a site should be deleted from the database.
     *
     * Plugins should amend the `$errors` object via its `WP_Error::add()` method. If any errors
     * are present, the site will not be deleted.
     *
     * @since 5.1.0
     *
     * @param WP_Error $errors   Error object to add validation errors to.
     * @param WP_Site  $old_site The site object to be deleted.
     */
    do_action( 'wp_validate_site_deletion', $errors, $old_site );

    if ( ! empty( $errors->errors ) ) {
        return $errors;
    }

    /**
     * Fires before a site is deleted.
     *
     * @since MU (3.0.0)
     * @deprecated 5.1.0
     *
     * @param int  $site_id The site ID.
     * @param bool $drop    True if site's table should be dropped. Default false.
     */
    do_action_deprecated( 'delete_blog', array( $old_site->id, true ), '5.1.0' );

    /**
     * Fires when a site's uninitialization routine should be executed.
     *
     * @since 5.1.0
     *
     * @param WP_Site $old_site Deleted site object.
     */
    do_action( 'wp_uninitialize_site', $old_site );

    if ( is_site_meta_supported() ) {
        $blog_meta_ids = $wpdb->get_col( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT meta_id FROM $wpdb->blogmeta WHERE blog_id = %d ", $old_site->id ) );
        foreach ( $blog_meta_ids as $mid ) {
            delete_metadata_by_mid( 'blog', $mid );
        }
    }

    if ( false === $wpdb->delete( $wpdb->blogs, array( 'blog_id' => $old_site->id ) ) ) {
        return new WP_Error( 'db_delete_error', __( 'Could not delete site from the database.' ), $wpdb->last_error );
    }

    clean_blog_cache( $old_site );

    /**
     * Fires once a site has been deleted from the database.
     *
     * @since 5.1.0
     *
     * @param WP_Site $old_site Deleted site object.
     */
    do_action( 'wp_delete_site', $old_site );

    /**
     * Fires after the site is deleted from the network.
     *
     * @since 4.8.0
     * @deprecated 5.1.0
     *
     * @param int  $site_id The site ID.
     * @param bool $drop    True if site's tables should be dropped. Default false.
     */
    do_action_deprecated( 'deleted_blog', array( $old_site->id, true ), '5.1.0' );

    return $old_site;
}

/**
 * Retrieves site data given a site ID or site object.
 *
 * Site data will be cached and returned after being passed through a filter.
 * If the provided site is empty, the current site global will be used.
 *
 * @since 4.6.0
 *
 * @param WP_Site|int|null $site Optional. Site to retrieve. Default is the current site.
 * @return WP_Site|null The site object or null if not found.
 */
function get_site( $site = null ) {
    if ( empty( $site ) ) {
        $site = get_current_blog_id();
    }

    if ( $site instanceof WP_Site ) {
        $_site = $site;
    } elseif ( is_object( $site ) ) {
        $_site = new WP_Site( $site );
    } else {
        $_site = WP_Site::get_instance( $site );
    }

    if ( ! $_site ) {
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Fires after a site is retrieved.
     *
     * @since 4.6.0
     *
     * @param WP_Site $_site Site data.
     */
    $_site = apply_filters( 'get_site', $_site );

    return $_site;
}

/**
 * Adds any sites from the given IDs to the cache that do not already exist in cache.
 *
 * @since 4.6.0
 * @since 5.1.0 Introduced the `$update_meta_cache` parameter.
 * @since 6.1.0 This function is no longer marked as "private".
 * @since 6.3.0 Use wp_lazyload_site_meta() for lazy-loading of site meta.
 *
 * @see update_site_cache()
 * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
 *
 * @param array $ids               ID list.
 * @param bool  $update_meta_cache Optional. Whether to update the meta cache. Default true.
 */
function _prime_site_caches( $ids, $update_meta_cache = true ) {
    global $wpdb;

    $non_cached_ids = _get_non_cached_ids( $ids, 'sites' );
    if ( ! empty( $non_cached_ids ) ) {
        $fresh_sites = $wpdb->get_results( sprintf( "SELECT * FROM $wpdb->blogs WHERE blog_id IN (%s)", implode( ',', array_map( 'intval', $non_cached_ids ) ) ) ); // phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.NotPrepared

        update_site_cache( $fresh_sites, false );
    }

    if ( $update_meta_cache ) {
        wp_lazyload_site_meta( $ids );
    }
}

/**
 * Queue site meta for lazy-loading.
 *
 * @since 6.3.0
 *
 * @param array $site_ids List of site IDs.
 */
function wp_lazyload_site_meta( array $site_ids ) {
    if ( empty( $site_ids ) ) {
        return;
    }
    $lazyloader = wp_metadata_lazyloader();
    $lazyloader->queue_objects( 'blog', $site_ids );
}

/**
 * Updates sites in cache.
 *
 * @since 4.6.0
 * @since 5.1.0 Introduced the `$update_meta_cache` parameter.
 *
 * @param array $sites             Array of site objects.
 * @param bool  $update_meta_cache Whether to update site meta cache. Default true.
 */
function update_site_cache( $sites, $update_meta_cache = true ) {
    if ( ! $sites ) {
        return;
    }
    $site_ids          = array();
    $site_data         = array();
    $blog_details_data = array();
    foreach ( $sites as $site ) {
        $site_ids[]                                    = $site->blog_id;
        $site_data[ $site->blog_id ]                   = $site;
        $blog_details_data[ $site->blog_id . 'short' ] = $site;

    }
    wp_cache_add_multiple( $site_data, 'sites' );
    wp_cache_add_multiple( $blog_details_data, 'blog-details' );

    if ( $update_meta_cache ) {
        update_sitemeta_cache( $site_ids );
    }
}

/**
 * Updates metadata cache for list of site IDs.
 *
 * Performs SQL query to retrieve all metadata for the sites matching `$site_ids` and stores them in the cache.
 * Subsequent calls to `get_site_meta()` will not need to query the database.
 *
 * @since 5.1.0
 *
 * @param array $site_ids List of site IDs.
 * @return array|false An array of metadata on success, false if there is nothing to update.
 */
function update_sitemeta_cache( $site_ids ) {
    // Ensure this filter is hooked in even if the function is called early.
    if ( ! has_filter( 'update_blog_metadata_cache', 'wp_check_site_meta_support_prefilter' ) ) {
        add_filter( 'update_blog_metadata_cache', 'wp_check_site_meta_support_prefilter' );
    }
    return update_meta_cache( 'blog', $site_ids );
}

/**
 * Retrieves a list of sites matching requested arguments.
 *
 * @since 4.6.0
 * @since 4.8.0 Introduced the 'lang_id', 'lang__in', and 'lang__not_in' parameters.
 *
 * @see WP_Site_Query::parse_query()
 *
 * @param string|array $args Optional. Array or string of arguments. See WP_Site_Query::__construct()
 *                           for information on accepted arguments. Default empty array.
 * @return WP_Site[]|int[]|int List of WP_Site objects, a list of site IDs when 'fields' is set to 'ids',
 *                             or the number of sites when 'count' is passed as a query var.
 */
function get_sites( $args = array() ) {
    $query = new WP_Site_Query();

    return $query->query( $args );
}

/**
 * Prepares site data for insertion or update in the database.
 *
 * @since 5.1.0
 *
 * @param array        $data     Associative array of site data passed to the respective function.
 *                               See {@see wp_insert_site()} for the possibly included data.
 * @param array        $defaults Site data defaults to parse $data against.
 * @param WP_Site|null $old_site Optional. Old site object if an update, or null if an insertion.
 *                               Default null.
 * @return array|WP_Error Site data ready for a database transaction, or WP_Error in case a validation
 *                        error occurred.
 */
function wp_prepare_site_data( $data, $defaults, $old_site = null ) {

    // Maintain backward-compatibility with `$site_id` as network ID.
    if ( isset( $data['site_id'] ) ) {
        if ( ! empty( $data['site_id'] ) && empty( $data['network_id'] ) ) {
            $data['network_id'] = $data['site_id'];
        }
        unset( $data['site_id'] );
    }

    /**
     * Filters passed site data in order to normalize it.
     *
     * @since 5.1.0
     *
     * @param array $data Associative array of site data passed to the respective function.
     *                    See {@see wp_insert_site()} for the possibly included data.
     */
    $data = apply_filters( 'wp_normalize_site_data', $data );

    $allowed_data_fields = array( 'domain', 'path', 'network_id', 'registered', 'last_updated', 'public', 'archived', 'mature', 'spam', 'deleted', 'lang_id' );
    $data                = array_intersect_key( wp_parse_args( $data, $defaults ), array_flip( $allowed_data_fields ) );

    $errors = new WP_Error();

    /**
     * Fires when data should be validated for a site prior to inserting or updating in the database.
     *
     * Plugins should amend the `$errors` object via its `WP_Error::add()` method.
     *
     * @since 5.1.0
     *
     * @param WP_Error     $errors   Error object to add validation errors to.
     * @param array        $data     Associative array of complete site data. See {@see wp_insert_site()}
     *                               for the included data.
     * @param WP_Site|null $old_site The old site object if the data belongs to a site being updated,
     *                               or null if it is a new site being inserted.
     */
    do_action( 'wp_validate_site_data', $errors, $data, $old_site );

    if ( ! empty( $errors->errors ) ) {
        return $errors;
    }

    // Prepare for database.
    $data['site_id'] = $data['network_id'];
    unset( $data['network_id'] );

    return $data;
}

/**
 * Normalizes data for a site prior to inserting or updating in the database.
 *
 * @since 5.1.0
 *
 * @param array $data Associative array of site data passed to the respective function.
 *                    See {@see wp_insert_site()} for the possibly included data.
 * @return array Normalized site data.
 */
function wp_normalize_site_data( $data ) {
    // Sanitize domain if passed.
    if ( array_key_exists( 'domain', $data ) ) {
        $data['domain'] = preg_replace( '/[^a-z0-9\-.:]+/i', '', $data['domain'] );
    }

    // Sanitize path if passed.
    if ( array_key_exists( 'path', $data ) ) {
        $data['path'] = trailingslashit( '/' . trim( $data['path'], '/' ) );
    }

    // Sanitize network ID if passed.
    if ( array_key_exists( 'network_id', $data ) ) {
        $data['network_id'] = (int) $data['network_id'];
    }

    // Sanitize status fields if passed.
    $status_fields = array( 'public', 'archived', 'mature', 'spam', 'deleted' );
    foreach ( $status_fields as $status_field ) {
        if ( array_key_exists( $status_field, $data ) ) {
            $data[ $status_field ] = (int) $data[ $status_field ];
        }
    }

    // Strip date fields if empty.
    $date_fields = array( 'registered', 'last_updated' );
    foreach ( $date_fields as $date_field ) {
        if ( ! array_key_exists( $date_field, $data ) ) {
            continue;
        }

        if ( empty( $data[ $date_field ] ) || '0000-00-00 00:00:00' === $data[ $date_field ] ) {
            unset( $data[ $date_field ] );
        }
    }

    return $data;
}

/**
 * Validates data for a site prior to inserting or updating in the database.
 *
 * @since 5.1.0
 *
 * @param WP_Error     $errors   Error object, passed by reference. Will contain validation errors if
 *                               any occurred.
 * @param array        $data     Associative array of complete site data. See {@see wp_insert_site()}
 *                               for the included data.
 * @param WP_Site|null $old_site The old site object if the data belongs to a site being updated,
 *                               or null if it is a new site being inserted.
 */
function wp_validate_site_data( $errors, $data, $old_site = null ) {
    // A domain must always be present.
    if ( empty( $data['domain'] ) ) {
        $errors->add( 'site_empty_domain', __( 'Site domain must not be empty.' ) );
    }

    // A path must always be present.
    if ( empty( $data['path'] ) ) {
        $errors->add( 'site_empty_path', __( 'Site path must not be empty.' ) );
    }

    // A network ID must always be present.
    if ( empty( $data['network_id'] ) ) {
        $errors->add( 'site_empty_network_id', __( 'Site network ID must be provided.' ) );
    }

    // Both registration and last updated dates must always be present and valid.
    $date_fields = array( 'registered', 'last_updated' );
    foreach ( $date_fields as $date_field ) {
        if ( empty( $data[ $date_field ] ) ) {
            $errors->add( 'site_empty_' . $date_field, __( 'Both registration and last updated dates must be provided.' ) );
            break;
        }

        // Allow '0000-00-00 00:00:00', although it be stripped out at this point.
        if ( '0000-00-00 00:00:00' !== $data[ $date_field ] ) {
            $month      = substr( $data[ $date_field ], 5, 2 );
            $day        = substr( $data[ $date_field ], 8, 2 );
            $year       = substr( $data[ $date_field ], 0, 4 );
            $valid_date = wp_checkdate( $month, $day, $year, $data[ $date_field ] );
            if ( ! $valid_date ) {
                $errors->add( 'site_invalid_' . $date_field, __( 'Both registration and last updated dates must be valid dates.' ) );
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    if ( ! empty( $errors->errors ) ) {
        return;
    }

    // If a new site, or domain/path/network ID have changed, ensure uniqueness.
    if ( ! $old_site
        || $data['domain'] !== $old_site->domain
        || $data['path'] !== $old_site->path
        || $data['network_id'] !== $old_site->network_id
    ) {
        if ( domain_exists( $data['domain'], $data['path'], $data['network_id'] ) ) {
            $errors->add( 'site_taken', __( 'Sorry, that site already exists!' ) );
        }
    }
}

/**
 * Runs the initialization routine for a given site.
 *
 * This process includes creating the site's database tables and
 * populating them with defaults.
 *
 * @since 5.1.0
 *
 * @global wpdb     $wpdb     WordPress database abstraction object.
 * @global WP_Roles $wp_roles WordPress role management object.
 *
 * @param int|WP_Site $site_id Site ID or object.
 * @param array       $args    {
 *     Optional. Arguments to modify the initialization behavior.
 *
 *     @type int    $user_id Required. User ID for the site administrator.
 *     @type string $title   Site title. Default is 'Site %d' where %d is the
 *                           site ID.
 *     @type array  $options Custom option $key => $value pairs to use. Default
 *                           empty array.
 *     @type array  $meta    Custom site metadata $key => $value pairs to use.
 *                           Default empty array.
 * }
 * @return true|WP_Error True on success, or error object on failure.
 */
function wp_initialize_site( $site_id, array $args = array() ) {
    global $wpdb, $wp_roles;

    if ( empty( $site_id ) ) {
        return new WP_Error( 'site_empty_id', __( 'Site ID must not be empty.' ) );
    }

    $site = get_site( $site_id );
    if ( ! $site ) {
        return new WP_Error( 'site_invalid_id', __( 'Site with the ID does not exist.' ) );
    }

    if ( wp_is_site_initialized( $site ) ) {
        return new WP_Error( 'site_already_initialized', __( 'The site appears to be already initialized.' ) );
    }

    $network = get_network( $site->network_id );
    if ( ! $network ) {
        $network = get_network();
    }

    $args = wp_parse_args(
        $args,
        array(
            'user_id' => 0,
            /* translators: %d: Site ID. */
            'title'   => sprintf( __( 'Site %d' ), $site->id ),
            'options' => array(),
            'meta'    => array(),
        )
    );

    /**
     * Filters the arguments for initializing a site.
     *
     * @since 5.1.0
     *
     * @param array      $args    Arguments to modify the initialization behavior.
     * @param WP_Site    $site    Site that is being initialized.
     * @param WP_Network $network Network that the site belongs to.
     */
    $args = apply_filters( 'wp_initialize_site_args', $args, $site, $network );

    $orig_installing = wp_installing();
    if ( ! $orig_installing ) {
        wp_installing( true );
    }

    $switch = false;
    if ( get_current_blog_id() !== $site->id ) {
        $switch = true;
        switch_to_blog( $site->id );
    }

    require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/upgrade.php';

    // Set up the database tables.
    make_db_current_silent( 'blog' );

    $home_scheme    = 'http';
    $siteurl_scheme = 'http';
    if ( ! is_subdomain_install() ) {
        if ( 'https' === parse_url( get_home_url( $network->site_id ), PHP_URL_SCHEME ) ) {
            $home_scheme = 'https';
        }
        if ( 'https' === parse_url( get_network_option( $network->id, 'siteurl' ), PHP_URL_SCHEME ) ) {
            $siteurl_scheme = 'https';
        }
    }

    // Populate the site's options.
    populate_options(
        array_merge(
            array(
                'home'        => untrailingslashit( $home_scheme . '://' . $site->domain . $site->path ),
                'siteurl'     => untrailingslashit( $siteurl_scheme . '://' . $site->domain . $site->path ),
                'blogname'    => wp_unslash( $args['title'] ),
                'admin_email' => '',
                'upload_path' => get_network_option( $network->id, 'ms_files_rewriting' ) ? UPLOADBLOGSDIR . "/{$site->id}/files" : get_blog_option( $network->site_id, 'upload_path' ),
                'blog_public' => (int) $site->public,
                'WPLANG'      => get_network_option( $network->id, 'WPLANG' ),
            ),
            $args['options']
        )
    );

    // Clean blog cache after populating options.
    clean_blog_cache( $site );

    // Populate the site's roles.
    populate_roles();
    $wp_roles = new WP_Roles();

    // Populate metadata for the site.
    populate_site_meta( $site->id, $args['meta'] );

    // Remove all permissions that may exist for the site.
    $table_prefix = $wpdb->get_blog_prefix();
    delete_metadata( 'user', 0, $table_prefix . 'user_level', null, true );   // Delete all.
    delete_metadata( 'user', 0, $table_prefix . 'capabilities', null, true ); // Delete all.

    // Install default site content.
    wp_install_defaults( $args['user_id'] );

    // Set the site administrator.
    add_user_to_blog( $site->id, $args['user_id'], 'administrator' );
    if ( ! user_can( $args['user_id'], 'manage_network' ) && ! get_user_meta( $args['user_id'], 'primary_blog', true ) ) {
        update_user_meta( $args['user_id'], 'primary_blog', $site->id );
    }

    if ( $switch ) {
        restore_current_blog();
    }

    wp_installing( $orig_installing );

    return true;
}

/**
 * Runs the uninitialization routine for a given site.
 *
 * This process includes dropping the site's database tables and deleting its uploads directory.
 *
 * @since 5.1.0
 *
 * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
 *
 * @param int|WP_Site $site_id Site ID or object.
 * @return true|WP_Error True on success, or error object on failure.
 */
function wp_uninitialize_site( $site_id ) {
    global $wpdb;

    if ( empty( $site_id ) ) {
        return new WP_Error( 'site_empty_id', __( 'Site ID must not be empty.' ) );
    }

    $site = get_site( $site_id );
    if ( ! $site ) {
        return new WP_Error( 'site_invalid_id', __( 'Site with the ID does not exist.' ) );
    }

    if ( ! wp_is_site_initialized( $site ) ) {
        return new WP_Error( 'site_already_uninitialized', __( 'The site appears to be already uninitialized.' ) );
    }

    $users = get_users(
        array(
            'blog_id' => $site->id,
            'fields'  => 'ids',
        )
    );

    // Remove users from the site.
    if ( ! empty( $users ) ) {
        foreach ( $users as $user_id ) {
            remove_user_from_blog( $user_id, $site->id );
        }
    }

    $switch = false;
    if ( get_current_blog_id() !== $site->id ) {
        $switch = true;
        switch_to_blog( $site->id );
    }

    $uploads = wp_get_upload_dir();

    $tables = $wpdb->tables( 'blog' );

    /**
     * Filters the tables to drop when the site is deleted.
     *
     * @since MU (3.0.0)
     *
     * @param string[] $tables  Array of names of the site tables to be dropped.
     * @param int      $site_id The ID of the site to drop tables for.
     */
    $drop_tables = apply_filters( 'wpmu_drop_tables', $tables, $site->id );

    foreach ( (array) $drop_tables as $table ) {
        $wpdb->query( "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `$table`" ); // phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.InterpolatedNotPrepared
    }

    /**
     * Filters the upload base directory to delete when the site is deleted.
     *
     * @since MU (3.0.0)
     *
     * @param string $basedir Uploads path without subdirectory. See {@see wp_upload_dir()}.
     * @param int    $site_id The site ID.
     */
    $dir     = apply_filters( 'wpmu_delete_blog_upload_dir', $uploads['basedir'], $site->id );
    $dir     = rtrim( $dir, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR );
    $top_dir = $dir;
    $stack   = array( $dir );
    $index   = 0;

    while ( $index < count( $stack ) ) {
        // Get indexed directory from stack.
        $dir = $stack[ $index ];

        // phpcs:disable WordPress.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged
        $dh = @opendir( $dir );
        if ( $dh ) {
            $file = @readdir( $dh );
            while ( false !== $file ) {
                if ( '.' === $file || '..' === $file ) {
                    $file = @readdir( $dh );
                    continue;
                }

                if ( @is_dir( $dir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $file ) ) {
                    $stack[] = $dir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $file;
                } elseif ( @is_file( $dir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $file ) ) {
                    @unlink( $dir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $file );
                }

                $file = @readdir( $dh );
            }
            @closedir( $dh );
        }
        ++$index;
    }

    $stack = array_reverse( $stack ); // Last added directories are deepest.
    foreach ( (array) $stack as $dir ) {
        if ( $dir !== $top_dir ) {
            @rmdir( $dir );
        }
    }

    // phpcs:enable WordPress.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged
    if ( $switch ) {
        restore_current_blog();
    }

    return true;
}

/**
 * Checks whether a site is initialized.
 *
 * A site is considered initialized when its database tables are present.
 *
 * @since 5.1.0
 *
 * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
 *
 * @param int|WP_Site $site_id Site ID or object.
 * @return bool True if the site is initialized, false otherwise.
 */
function wp_is_site_initialized( $site_id ) {
    global $wpdb;

    if ( is_object( $site_id ) ) {
        $site_id = $site_id->blog_id;
    }
    $site_id = (int) $site_id;

    /**
     * Filters the check for whether a site is initialized before the database is accessed.
     *
     * Returning a non-null value will effectively short-circuit the function, returning
     * that value instead.
     *
     * @since 5.1.0
     *
     * @param bool|null $pre     The value to return instead. Default null
     *                           to continue with the check.
     * @param int       $site_id The site ID that is being checked.
     */
    $pre = apply_filters( 'pre_wp_is_site_initialized', null, $site_id );
    if ( null !== $pre ) {
        return (bool) $pre;
    }

    $switch = false;
    if ( get_current_blog_id() !== $site_id ) {
        $switch = true;
        remove_action( 'switch_blog', 'wp_switch_roles_and_user', 1 );
        switch_to_blog( $site_id );
    }

    $suppress = $wpdb->suppress_errors();
    $result   = (bool) $wpdb->get_results( "DESCRIBE {$wpdb->posts}" );
    $wpdb->suppress_errors( $suppress );

    if ( $switch ) {
        restore_current_blog();
        add_action( 'switch_blog', 'wp_switch_roles_and_user', 1, 2 );
    }

    return $result;
}

/**
 * Clean the blog cache
 *
 * @since 3.5.0
 *
 * @global bool $_wp_suspend_cache_invalidation
 *
 * @param WP_Site|int $blog The site object or ID to be cleared from cache.
 */
function clean_blog_cache( $blog ) {
    global $_wp_suspend_cache_invalidation;

    if ( ! empty( $_wp_suspend_cache_invalidation ) ) {
        return;
    }

    if ( empty( $blog ) ) {
        return;
    }

    $blog_id = $blog;
    $blog    = get_site( $blog_id );
    if ( ! $blog ) {
        if ( ! is_numeric( $blog_id ) ) {
            return;
        }

        // Make sure a WP_Site object exists even when the site has been deleted.
        $blog = new WP_Site(
            (object) array(
                'blog_id' => $blog_id,
                'domain'  => null,
                'path'    => null,
            )
        );
    }

    $blog_id         = $blog->blog_id;
    $domain_path_key = md5( $blog->domain . $blog->path );

    wp_cache_delete( $blog_id, 'sites' );
    wp_cache_delete( $blog_id, 'site-details' );
    wp_cache_delete( $blog_id, 'blog-details' );
    wp_cache_delete( $blog_id . 'short', 'blog-details' );
    wp_cache_delete( $domain_path_key, 'blog-lookup' );
    wp_cache_delete( $domain_path_key, 'blog-id-cache' );
    wp_cache_delete( $blog_id, 'blog_meta' );

    /**
     * Fires immediately after a site has been removed from the object cache.
     *
     * @since 4.6.0
     *
     * @param string  $id              Site ID as a numeric string.
     * @param WP_Site $blog            Site object.
     * @param string  $domain_path_key md5 hash of domain and path.
     */
    do_action( 'clean_site_cache', $blog_id, $blog, $domain_path_key );

    wp_cache_set_sites_last_changed();

    /**
     * Fires after the blog details cache is cleared.
     *
     * @since 3.4.0
     * @deprecated 4.9.0 Use {@see 'clean_site_cache'} instead.
     *
     * @param int $blog_id Blog ID.
     */
    do_action_deprecated( 'refresh_blog_details', array( $blog_id ), '4.9.0', 'clean_site_cache' );
}

/**
 * Adds metadata to a site.
 *
 * For historical reasons both the meta key and the meta value are expected to be "slashed" (slashes escaped) on input.
 *
 * @since 5.1.0
 *
 * @param int    $site_id    Site ID.
 * @param string $meta_key   Metadata name.
 * @param mixed  $meta_value Metadata value. Arrays and objects are stored as serialized data and
 *                           will be returned as the same type when retrieved. Other data types will
 *                           be stored as strings in the database:
 *                           - false is stored and retrieved as an empty string ('')
 *                           - true is stored and retrieved as '1'
 *                           - numbers (both integer and float) are stored and retrieved as strings
 *                           Must be serializable if non-scalar.
 * @param bool   $unique     Optional. Whether the same key should not be added.
 *                           Default false.
 * @return int|false Meta ID on success, false on failure.
 */
function add_site_meta( $site_id, $meta_key, $meta_value, $unique = false ) {
    return add_metadata( 'blog', $site_id, $meta_key, $meta_value, $unique );
}

/**
 * Removes metadata matching criteria from a site.
 *
 * You can match based on the key, or key and value. Removing based on key and
 * value, will keep from removing duplicate metadata with the same key. It also
 * allows removing all metadata matching key, if needed.
 *
 * For historical reasons both the meta key and the meta value are expected to be "slashed" (slashes escaped) on input.
 *
 * @since 5.1.0
 *
 * @param int    $site_id    Site ID.
 * @param string $meta_key   Metadata name.
 * @param mixed  $meta_value Optional. Metadata value. If provided,
 *                           rows will only be removed that match the value.
 *                           Must be serializable if non-scalar. Default empty.
 * @return bool True on success, false on failure.
 */
function delete_site_meta( $site_id, $meta_key, $meta_value = '' ) {
    return delete_metadata( 'blog', $site_id, $meta_key, $meta_value );
}

/**
 * Retrieves metadata for a site.
 *
 * @since 5.1.0
 *
 * @param int    $site_id Site ID.
 * @param string $key     Optional. The meta key to retrieve. By default,
 *                        returns data for all keys. Default empty.
 * @param bool   $single  Optional. Whether to return a single value.
 *                        This parameter has no effect if `$key` is not specified.
 *                        Default false.
 * @return mixed An array of values if `$single` is false.
 *               The value of meta data field if `$single` is true.
 *               False for an invalid `$site_id` (non-numeric, zero, or negative value).
 *               An empty array if a valid but non-existing site ID is passed and `$single` is false.
 *               An empty string if a valid but non-existing site ID is passed and `$single` is true.
 *               Note: Non-serialized values are returned as strings:
 *               - false values are returned as empty strings ('')
 *               - true values are returned as '1'
 *               - numbers (both integer and float) are returned as strings
 *               Arrays and objects retain their original type.
 */
function get_site_meta( $site_id, $key = '', $single = false ) {
    return get_metadata( 'blog', $site_id, $key, $single );
}

/**
 * Updates metadata for a site.
 *
 * Use the `$prev_value` parameter to differentiate between meta fields with the
 * same key and site ID.
 *
 * If the meta field for the site does not exist, it will be added.
 *
 * For historical reasons both the meta key and the meta value are expected to be "slashed" (slashes escaped) on input.
 *
 * @since 5.1.0
 *
 * @param int    $site_id    Site ID.
 * @param string $meta_key   Metadata key.
 * @param mixed  $meta_value Metadata value. Must be serializable if non-scalar.
 * @param mixed  $prev_value Optional. Previous value to check before updating.
 *                           If specified, only update existing metadata entries with
 *                           this value. Otherwise, update all entries. Default empty.
 * @return int|bool Meta ID if the key didn't exist, true on successful update,
 *                  false on failure or if the value passed to the function
 *                  is the same as the one that is already in the database.
 */
function update_site_meta( $site_id, $meta_key, $meta_value, $prev_value = '' ) {
    return update_metadata( 'blog', $site_id, $meta_key, $meta_value, $prev_value );
}

/**
 * Deletes everything from site meta matching meta key.
 *
 * @since 5.1.0
 *
 * @param string $meta_key Metadata key to search for when deleting.
 * @return bool Whether the site meta key was deleted from the database.
 */
function delete_site_meta_by_key( $meta_key ) {
    return delete_metadata( 'blog', null, $meta_key, '', true );
}

/**
 * Updates the count of sites for a network based on a changed site.
 *
 * @since 5.1.0
 *
 * @param WP_Site      $new_site The site object that has been inserted, updated or deleted.
 * @param WP_Site|null $old_site Optional. If $new_site has been updated, this must be the previous
 *                               state of that site. Default null.
 */
function wp_maybe_update_network_site_counts_on_update( $new_site, $old_site = null ) {
    if ( null === $old_site ) {
        wp_maybe_update_network_site_counts( $new_site->network_id );
        return;
    }

    if ( $new_site->network_id !== $old_site->network_id ) {
        wp_maybe_update_network_site_counts( $new_site->network_id );
        wp_maybe_update_network_site_counts( $old_site->network_id );
    }
}

/**
 * Triggers actions on site status updates.
 *
 * @since 5.1.0
 *
 * @param WP_Site      $new_site The site object after the update.
 * @param WP_Site|null $old_site Optional. If $new_site has been updated, this must be the previous
 *                               state of that site. Default null.
 */
function wp_maybe_transition_site_statuses_on_update( $new_site, $old_site = null ) {
    $site_id = $new_site->id;

    // Use the default values for a site if no previous state is given.
    if ( ! $old_site ) {
        $old_site = new WP_Site( new stdClass() );
    }

    if ( $new_site->spam !== $old_site->spam ) {
        if ( '1' === $new_site->spam ) {

            /**
             * Fires when the 'spam' status is added to a site.
             *
             * @since MU (3.0.0)
             *
             * @param int $site_id Site ID.
             */
            do_action( 'make_spam_blog', $site_id );
        } else {

            /**
             * Fires when the 'spam' status is removed from a site.
             *
             * @since MU (3.0.0)
             *
             * @param int $site_id Site ID.
             */
            do_action( 'make_ham_blog', $site_id );
        }
    }

    if ( $new_site->mature !== $old_site->mature ) {
        if ( '1' === $new_site->mature ) {

            /**
             * Fires when the 'mature' status is added to a site.
             *
             * @since 3.1.0
             *
             * @param int $site_id Site ID.
             */
            do_action( 'mature_blog', $site_id );
        } else {

            /**
             * Fires when the 'mature' status is removed from a site.
             *
             * @since 3.1.0
             *
             * @param int $site_id Site ID.
             */
            do_action( 'unmature_blog', $site_id );
        }
    }

    if ( $new_site->archived !== $old_site->archived ) {
        if ( '1' === $new_site->archived ) {

            /**
             * Fires when the 'archived' status is added to a site.
             *
             * @since MU (3.0.0)
             *
             * @param int $site_id Site ID.
             */
            do_action( 'archive_blog', $site_id );
        } else {

            /**
             * Fires when the 'archived' status is removed from a site.
             *
             * @since MU (3.0.0)
             *
             * @param int $site_id Site ID.
             */
            do_action( 'unarchive_blog', $site_id );
        }
    }

    if ( $new_site->deleted !== $old_site->deleted ) {
        if ( '1' === $new_site->deleted ) {

            /**
             * Fires when the 'flagged for deletion' status is added to a site.
             *
             * @since 3.5.0
             *
             * @param int $site_id Site ID.
             */
            do_action( 'make_delete_blog', $site_id );
        } else {

            /**
             * Fires when the 'flagged for deletion' status is removed from a site.
             *
             * @since 3.5.0
             *
             * @param int $site_id Site ID.
             */
            do_action( 'make_undelete_blog', $site_id );
        }
    }

    if ( $new_site->public !== $old_site->public ) {

        /**
         * Fires after the current blog's 'public' setting is updated.
         *
         * @since MU (3.0.0)
         *
         * @param int    $site_id   Site ID.
         * @param string $is_public Whether the site is public. A numeric string,
         *                          for compatibility reasons. Accepts '1' or '0'.
         */
        do_action( 'update_blog_public', $site_id, $new_site->public );
    }
}

/**
 * Cleans the necessary caches after specific site data has been updated.
 *
 * @since 5.1.0
 *
 * @param WP_Site $new_site The site object after the update.
 * @param WP_Site $old_site The site object prior to the update.
 */
function wp_maybe_clean_new_site_cache_on_update( $new_site, $old_site ) {
    if ( $old_site->domain !== $new_site->domain || $old_site->path !== $new_site->path ) {
        clean_blog_cache( $new_site );
    }
}

/**
 * Updates the `blog_public` option for a given site ID.
 *
 * @since 5.1.0
 *
 * @param int    $site_id   Site ID.
 * @param string $is_public Whether the site is public. A numeric string,
 *                          for compatibility reasons. Accepts '1' or '0'.
 */
function wp_update_blog_public_option_on_site_update( $site_id, $is_public ) {

    // Bail if the site's database tables do not exist (yet).
    if ( ! wp_is_site_initialized( $site_id ) ) {
        return;
    }

    update_blog_option( $site_id, 'blog_public', $is_public );
}

/**
 * Sets the last changed time for the 'sites' cache group.
 *
 * @since 5.1.0
 */
function wp_cache_set_sites_last_changed() {
    wp_cache_set_last_changed( 'sites' );
}

/**
 * Aborts calls to site meta if it is not supported.
 *
 * @since 5.1.0
 *
 * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
 *
 * @param mixed $check Skip-value for whether to proceed site meta function execution.
 * @return mixed Original value of $check, or false if site meta is not supported.
 */
function wp_check_site_meta_support_prefilter( $check ) {
    if ( ! is_site_meta_supported() ) {
        /* translators: %s: Database table name. */
        _doing_it_wrong( __FUNCTION__, sprintf( __( 'The %s table is not installed. Please run the network database upgrade.' ), $GLOBALS['wpdb']->blogmeta ), '5.1.0' );
        return false;
    }

    return $check;
}