• File: class-wp-rest-attachments-controller.php
  • Full Path: /home/u505525515/domains/medineeestates.com/public_html/wp-includes/rest-api/endpoints/class-wp-rest-attachments-controller.php
  • Date Modified: 05/25/2026 6:29 AM
  • File size: 56.8 KB
  • MIME-type: text/x-php
  • Charset: utf-8
<?php
/**
 * REST API: WP_REST_Attachments_Controller class
 *
 * @package WordPress
 * @subpackage REST_API
 * @since 4.7.0
 */

/**
 * Core controller used to access attachments via the REST API.
 *
 * @since 4.7.0
 *
 * @see WP_REST_Posts_Controller
 */
class WP_REST_Attachments_Controller extends WP_REST_Posts_Controller {

    /**
     * Whether the controller supports batching.
     *
     * @since 5.9.0
     * @var false
     */
    protected $allow_batch = false;

    /**
     * Registers the routes for attachments.
     *
     * @since 5.3.0
     *
     * @see register_rest_route()
     */
    public function register_routes() {
        parent::register_routes();
        register_rest_route(
            $this->namespace,
            '/' . $this->rest_base . '/(?P<id>[\d]+)/post-process',
            array(
                'methods'             => WP_REST_Server::CREATABLE,
                'callback'            => array( $this, 'post_process_item' ),
                'permission_callback' => array( $this, 'post_process_item_permissions_check' ),
                'args'                => array(
                    'id'     => array(
                        'description' => __( 'Unique identifier for the attachment.' ),
                        'type'        => 'integer',
                    ),
                    'action' => array(
                        'type'     => 'string',
                        'enum'     => array( 'create-image-subsizes' ),
                        'required' => true,
                    ),
                ),
            )
        );
        register_rest_route(
            $this->namespace,
            '/' . $this->rest_base . '/(?P<id>[\d]+)/edit',
            array(
                'methods'             => WP_REST_Server::CREATABLE,
                'callback'            => array( $this, 'edit_media_item' ),
                'permission_callback' => array( $this, 'edit_media_item_permissions_check' ),
                'args'                => $this->get_edit_media_item_args(),
            )
        );
    }

    /**
     * Determines the allowed query_vars for a get_items() response and
     * prepares for WP_Query.
     *
     * @since 4.7.0
     * @since 6.9.0 Extends the `media_type` and `mime_type` request arguments to support array values.
     *
     * @param array           $prepared_args Optional. Array of prepared arguments. Default empty array.
     * @param WP_REST_Request $request       Optional. Request to prepare items for.
     * @return array Array of query arguments.
     */
    protected function prepare_items_query( $prepared_args = array(), $request = null ) {
        $query_args = parent::prepare_items_query( $prepared_args, $request );

        if ( empty( $query_args['post_status'] ) ) {
            $query_args['post_status'] = 'inherit';
        }

        $all_mime_types = array();
        $media_types    = $this->get_media_types();

        if ( ! empty( $request['media_type'] ) && is_array( $request['media_type'] ) ) {
            foreach ( $request['media_type'] as $type ) {
                if ( isset( $media_types[ $type ] ) ) {
                    $all_mime_types = array_merge( $all_mime_types, $media_types[ $type ] );
                }
            }
        }

        if ( ! empty( $request['mime_type'] ) && is_array( $request['mime_type'] ) ) {
            foreach ( $request['mime_type'] as $mime_type ) {
                $parts = explode( '/', $mime_type );
                if ( isset( $media_types[ $parts[0] ] ) && in_array( $mime_type, $media_types[ $parts[0] ], true ) ) {
                    $all_mime_types[] = $mime_type;
                }
            }
        }

        if ( ! empty( $all_mime_types ) ) {
            $query_args['post_mime_type'] = array_values( array_unique( $all_mime_types ) );
        }

        // Filter query clauses to include filenames.
        if ( isset( $query_args['s'] ) ) {
            add_filter( 'wp_allow_query_attachment_by_filename', '__return_true' );
        }

        return $query_args;
    }

    /**
     * Checks if a given request has access to create an attachment.
     *
     * @since 4.7.0
     *
     * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
     * @return true|WP_Error Boolean true if the attachment may be created, or a WP_Error if not.
     */
    public function create_item_permissions_check( $request ) {
        $ret = parent::create_item_permissions_check( $request );

        if ( ! $ret || is_wp_error( $ret ) ) {
            return $ret;
        }

        if ( ! current_user_can( 'upload_files' ) ) {
            return new WP_Error(
                'rest_cannot_create',
                __( 'Sorry, you are not allowed to upload media on this site.' ),
                array( 'status' => 400 )
            );
        }

        // Attaching media to a post requires ability to edit said post.
        if ( ! empty( $request['post'] ) && ! current_user_can( 'edit_post', (int) $request['post'] ) ) {
            return new WP_Error(
                'rest_cannot_edit',
                __( 'Sorry, you are not allowed to upload media to this post.' ),
                array( 'status' => rest_authorization_required_code() )
            );
        }
        $files = $request->get_file_params();

        /**
         * Filter whether the server should prevent uploads for image types it doesn't support. Default true.
         *
         * Developers can use this filter to enable uploads of certain image types. By default image types that are not
         * supported by the server are prevented from being uploaded.
         *
         * @since 6.8.0
         *
         * @param bool        $check_mime Whether to prevent uploads of unsupported image types.
         * @param string|null $mime_type  The mime type of the file being uploaded (if available).
         */
        $prevent_unsupported_uploads = apply_filters( 'wp_prevent_unsupported_mime_type_uploads', true, $files['file']['type'] ?? null );

        // If the upload is an image, check if the server can handle the mime type.
        if (
            $prevent_unsupported_uploads &&
            isset( $files['file']['type'] ) &&
            str_starts_with( $files['file']['type'], 'image/' )
        ) {
            // List of non-resizable image formats.
            $editor_non_resizable_formats = array(
                'image/svg+xml',
            );

            // Check if the image editor supports the type or ignore if it isn't a format resizable by an editor.
            if (
                ! in_array( $files['file']['type'], $editor_non_resizable_formats, true ) &&
                ! wp_image_editor_supports( array( 'mime_type' => $files['file']['type'] ) )
            ) {
                return new WP_Error(
                    'rest_upload_image_type_not_supported',
                    __( 'The web server cannot generate responsive image sizes for this image. Convert it to JPEG or PNG before uploading.' ),
                    array( 'status' => 400 )
                );
            }
        }

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Creates a single attachment.
     *
     * @since 4.7.0
     *
     * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
     * @return WP_REST_Response|WP_Error Response object on success, WP_Error object on failure.
     */
    public function create_item( $request ) {
        if ( ! empty( $request['post'] ) && in_array( get_post_type( $request['post'] ), array( 'revision', 'attachment' ), true ) ) {
            return new WP_Error(
                'rest_invalid_param',
                __( 'Invalid parent type.' ),
                array( 'status' => 400 )
            );
        }

        $insert = $this->insert_attachment( $request );

        if ( is_wp_error( $insert ) ) {
            return $insert;
        }

        $schema = $this->get_item_schema();

        // Extract by name.
        $attachment_id = $insert['attachment_id'];
        $file          = $insert['file'];

        if ( isset( $request['alt_text'] ) ) {
            update_post_meta( $attachment_id, '_wp_attachment_image_alt', sanitize_text_field( $request['alt_text'] ) );
        }

        if ( ! empty( $schema['properties']['featured_media'] ) && isset( $request['featured_media'] ) ) {
            $thumbnail_update = $this->handle_featured_media( $request['featured_media'], $attachment_id );

            if ( is_wp_error( $thumbnail_update ) ) {
                return $thumbnail_update;
            }
        }

        if ( ! empty( $schema['properties']['meta'] ) && isset( $request['meta'] ) ) {
            $meta_update = $this->meta->update_value( $request['meta'], $attachment_id );

            if ( is_wp_error( $meta_update ) ) {
                return $meta_update;
            }
        }

        $attachment    = get_post( $attachment_id );
        $fields_update = $this->update_additional_fields_for_object( $attachment, $request );

        if ( is_wp_error( $fields_update ) ) {
            return $fields_update;
        }

        $terms_update = $this->handle_terms( $attachment_id, $request );

        if ( is_wp_error( $terms_update ) ) {
            return $terms_update;
        }

        $request->set_param( 'context', 'edit' );

        /**
         * Fires after a single attachment is completely created or updated via the REST API.
         *
         * @since 5.0.0
         *
         * @param WP_Post         $attachment Inserted or updated attachment object.
         * @param WP_REST_Request $request    Request object.
         * @param bool            $creating   True when creating an attachment, false when updating.
         */
        do_action( 'rest_after_insert_attachment', $attachment, $request, true );

        wp_after_insert_post( $attachment, false, null );

        if ( wp_is_serving_rest_request() ) {
            /*
             * Set a custom header with the attachment_id.
             * Used by the browser/client to resume creating image sub-sizes after a PHP fatal error.
             */
            header( 'X-WP-Upload-Attachment-ID: ' . $attachment_id );
        }

        // Include media and image functions to get access to wp_generate_attachment_metadata().
        require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/media.php';
        require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/image.php';

        /*
         * Post-process the upload (create image sub-sizes, make PDF thumbnails, etc.) and insert attachment meta.
         * At this point the server may run out of resources and post-processing of uploaded images may fail.
         */
        wp_update_attachment_metadata( $attachment_id, wp_generate_attachment_metadata( $attachment_id, $file ) );

        $response = $this->prepare_item_for_response( $attachment, $request );
        $response = rest_ensure_response( $response );
        $response->set_status( 201 );
        $response->header( 'Location', rest_url( sprintf( '%s/%s/%d', $this->namespace, $this->rest_base, $attachment_id ) ) );

        return $response;
    }

    /**
     * Inserts the attachment post in the database. Does not update the attachment meta.
     *
     * @since 5.3.0
     *
     * @param WP_REST_Request $request
     * @return array|WP_Error
     */
    protected function insert_attachment( $request ) {
        // Get the file via $_FILES or raw data.
        $files   = $request->get_file_params();
        $headers = $request->get_headers();

        $time = null;

        // Matches logic in media_handle_upload().
        if ( ! empty( $request['post'] ) ) {
            $post = get_post( $request['post'] );
            // The post date doesn't usually matter for pages, so don't backdate this upload.
            if ( $post && 'page' !== $post->post_type && substr( $post->post_date, 0, 4 ) > 0 ) {
                $time = $post->post_date;
            }
        }

        if ( ! empty( $files ) ) {
            $file = $this->upload_from_file( $files, $headers, $time );
        } else {
            $file = $this->upload_from_data( $request->get_body(), $headers, $time );
        }

        if ( is_wp_error( $file ) ) {
            return $file;
        }

        $name       = wp_basename( $file['file'] );
        $name_parts = pathinfo( $name );
        $name       = trim( substr( $name, 0, -( 1 + strlen( $name_parts['extension'] ) ) ) );

        $url  = $file['url'];
        $type = $file['type'];
        $file = $file['file'];
        $alt  = '';

        // Include image functions to get access to wp_read_image_metadata().
        require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/image.php';

        // Use image exif/iptc data for title and caption defaults if possible.
        $image_meta = wp_read_image_metadata( $file );

        if ( ! empty( $image_meta ) ) {
            if ( empty( $request['title'] ) && trim( $image_meta['title'] ) && ! is_numeric( sanitize_title( $image_meta['title'] ) ) ) {
                $request['title'] = $image_meta['title'];
            }

            if ( empty( $request['caption'] ) && trim( $image_meta['caption'] ) ) {
                $request['caption'] = $image_meta['caption'];
            }

            if ( empty( $request['alt'] ) && trim( $image_meta['alt'] ) ) {
                $alt = $image_meta['alt'];
            }
        }

        $attachment = $this->prepare_item_for_database( $request );

        $attachment->post_mime_type = $type;
        $attachment->guid           = $url;

        // If the title was not set, use the original filename.
        if ( empty( $attachment->post_title ) && ! empty( $files['file']['name'] ) ) {
            // Remove the file extension (after the last `.`)
            $tmp_title = substr( $files['file']['name'], 0, strrpos( $files['file']['name'], '.' ) );

            if ( ! empty( $tmp_title ) ) {
                $attachment->post_title = $tmp_title;
            }
        }

        // Fall back to the original approach.
        if ( empty( $attachment->post_title ) ) {
            $attachment->post_title = preg_replace( '/\.[^.]+$/', '', wp_basename( $file ) );
        }

        // $post_parent is inherited from $attachment['post_parent'].
        $id = wp_insert_attachment( wp_slash( (array) $attachment ), $file, 0, true, false );

        if ( trim( $alt ) ) {
            update_post_meta( $id, '_wp_attachment_image_alt', sanitize_text_field( $alt ) );
        }

        if ( is_wp_error( $id ) ) {
            if ( 'db_update_error' === $id->get_error_code() ) {
                $id->add_data( array( 'status' => 500 ) );
            } else {
                $id->add_data( array( 'status' => 400 ) );
            }

            return $id;
        }

        $attachment = get_post( $id );

        /**
         * Fires after a single attachment is created or updated via the REST API.
         *
         * @since 4.7.0
         *
         * @param WP_Post         $attachment Inserted or updated attachment object.
         * @param WP_REST_Request $request    The request sent to the API.
         * @param bool            $creating   True when creating an attachment, false when updating.
         */
        do_action( 'rest_insert_attachment', $attachment, $request, true );

        return array(
            'attachment_id' => $id,
            'file'          => $file,
        );
    }

    /**
     * Determines the featured media based on a request param.
     *
     * @since 6.5.0
     *
     * @param int $featured_media Featured Media ID.
     * @param int $post_id        Post ID.
     * @return bool|WP_Error Whether the post thumbnail was successfully deleted, otherwise WP_Error.
     */
    protected function handle_featured_media( $featured_media, $post_id ) {
        $post_type         = get_post_type( $post_id );
        $thumbnail_support = current_theme_supports( 'post-thumbnails', $post_type ) && post_type_supports( $post_type, 'thumbnail' );

        // Similar check as in wp_insert_post().
        if ( ! $thumbnail_support && get_post_mime_type( $post_id ) ) {
            if ( wp_attachment_is( 'audio', $post_id ) ) {
                $thumbnail_support = post_type_supports( 'attachment:audio', 'thumbnail' ) || current_theme_supports( 'post-thumbnails', 'attachment:audio' );
            } elseif ( wp_attachment_is( 'video', $post_id ) ) {
                $thumbnail_support = post_type_supports( 'attachment:video', 'thumbnail' ) || current_theme_supports( 'post-thumbnails', 'attachment:video' );
            }
        }

        if ( $thumbnail_support ) {
            return parent::handle_featured_media( $featured_media, $post_id );
        }

        return new WP_Error(
            'rest_no_featured_media',
            sprintf(
                /* translators: %s: attachment mime type */
                __( 'This site does not support post thumbnails on attachments with MIME type %s.' ),
                get_post_mime_type( $post_id )
            ),
            array( 'status' => 400 )
        );
    }

    /**
     * Updates a single attachment.
     *
     * @since 4.7.0
     *
     * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
     * @return WP_REST_Response|WP_Error Response object on success, WP_Error object on failure.
     */
    public function update_item( $request ) {
        if ( ! empty( $request['post'] ) && in_array( get_post_type( $request['post'] ), array( 'revision', 'attachment' ), true ) ) {
            return new WP_Error(
                'rest_invalid_param',
                __( 'Invalid parent type.' ),
                array( 'status' => 400 )
            );
        }

        $attachment_before = get_post( $request['id'] );
        $response          = parent::update_item( $request );

        if ( is_wp_error( $response ) ) {
            return $response;
        }

        $response = rest_ensure_response( $response );
        $data     = $response->get_data();

        if ( isset( $request['alt_text'] ) ) {
            update_post_meta( $data['id'], '_wp_attachment_image_alt', $request['alt_text'] );
        }

        $attachment = get_post( $request['id'] );

        if ( ! empty( $schema['properties']['featured_media'] ) && isset( $request['featured_media'] ) ) {
            $thumbnail_update = $this->handle_featured_media( $request['featured_media'], $attachment->ID );

            if ( is_wp_error( $thumbnail_update ) ) {
                return $thumbnail_update;
            }
        }

        $fields_update = $this->update_additional_fields_for_object( $attachment, $request );

        if ( is_wp_error( $fields_update ) ) {
            return $fields_update;
        }

        $request->set_param( 'context', 'edit' );

        /** This action is documented in wp-includes/rest-api/endpoints/class-wp-rest-attachments-controller.php */
        do_action( 'rest_after_insert_attachment', $attachment, $request, false );

        wp_after_insert_post( $attachment, true, $attachment_before );

        $response = $this->prepare_item_for_response( $attachment, $request );
        $response = rest_ensure_response( $response );

        return $response;
    }

    /**
     * Performs post-processing on an attachment.
     *
     * @since 5.3.0
     *
     * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
     * @return WP_REST_Response|WP_Error Response object on success, WP_Error object on failure.
     */
    public function post_process_item( $request ) {
        switch ( $request['action'] ) {
            case 'create-image-subsizes':
                require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/image.php';
                wp_update_image_subsizes( $request['id'] );
                break;
        }

        $request['context'] = 'edit';

        return $this->prepare_item_for_response( get_post( $request['id'] ), $request );
    }

    /**
     * Checks if a given request can perform post-processing on an attachment.
     *
     * @since 5.3.0
     *
     * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
     * @return true|WP_Error True if the request has access to update the item, WP_Error object otherwise.
     */
    public function post_process_item_permissions_check( $request ) {
        return $this->update_item_permissions_check( $request );
    }

    /**
     * Checks if a given request has access to editing media.
     *
     * @since 5.5.0
     *
     * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
     * @return true|WP_Error True if the request has read access, WP_Error object otherwise.
     */
    public function edit_media_item_permissions_check( $request ) {
        if ( ! current_user_can( 'upload_files' ) ) {
            return new WP_Error(
                'rest_cannot_edit_image',
                __( 'Sorry, you are not allowed to upload media on this site.' ),
                array( 'status' => rest_authorization_required_code() )
            );
        }

        return $this->update_item_permissions_check( $request );
    }

    /**
     * Applies edits to a media item and creates a new attachment record.
     *
     * @since 5.5.0
     * @since 6.9.0 Adds flips capability and editable fields for the newly-created attachment post.
     *
     * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
     * @return WP_REST_Response|WP_Error Response object on success, WP_Error object on failure.
     */
    public function edit_media_item( $request ) {
        require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/image.php';

        $attachment_id = $request['id'];

        // This also confirms the attachment is an image.
        $image_file = wp_get_original_image_path( $attachment_id );
        $image_meta = wp_get_attachment_metadata( $attachment_id );

        if (
            ! $image_meta ||
            ! $image_file ||
            ! wp_image_file_matches_image_meta( $request['src'], $image_meta, $attachment_id )
        ) {
            return new WP_Error(
                'rest_unknown_attachment',
                __( 'Unable to get meta information for file.' ),
                array( 'status' => 404 )
            );
        }

        $supported_types = array( 'image/jpeg', 'image/png', 'image/gif', 'image/webp', 'image/avif', 'image/heic' );
        $mime_type       = get_post_mime_type( $attachment_id );
        if ( ! in_array( $mime_type, $supported_types, true ) ) {
            return new WP_Error(
                'rest_cannot_edit_file_type',
                __( 'This type of file cannot be edited.' ),
                array( 'status' => 400 )
            );
        }

        // The `modifiers` param takes precedence over the older format.
        if ( isset( $request['modifiers'] ) ) {
            $modifiers = $request['modifiers'];
        } else {
            $modifiers = array();

            if ( isset( $request['flip']['horizontal'] ) || isset( $request['flip']['vertical'] ) ) {
                $flip_args = array(
                    'vertical'   => isset( $request['flip']['vertical'] ) ? (bool) $request['flip']['vertical'] : false,
                    'horizontal' => isset( $request['flip']['horizontal'] ) ? (bool) $request['flip']['horizontal'] : false,
                );

                $modifiers[] = array(
                    'type' => 'flip',
                    'args' => array(
                        'flip' => $flip_args,
                    ),
                );
            }

            if ( ! empty( $request['rotation'] ) ) {
                $modifiers[] = array(
                    'type' => 'rotate',
                    'args' => array(
                        'angle' => $request['rotation'],
                    ),
                );
            }

            if ( isset( $request['x'], $request['y'], $request['width'], $request['height'] ) ) {
                $modifiers[] = array(
                    'type' => 'crop',
                    'args' => array(
                        'left'   => $request['x'],
                        'top'    => $request['y'],
                        'width'  => $request['width'],
                        'height' => $request['height'],
                    ),
                );
            }

            if ( 0 === count( $modifiers ) ) {
                return new WP_Error(
                    'rest_image_not_edited',
                    __( 'The image was not edited. Edit the image before applying the changes.' ),
                    array( 'status' => 400 )
                );
            }
        }

        /*
         * If the file doesn't exist, attempt a URL fopen on the src link.
         * This can occur with certain file replication plugins.
         * Keep the original file path to get a modified name later.
         */
        $image_file_to_edit = $image_file;
        if ( ! file_exists( $image_file_to_edit ) ) {
            $image_file_to_edit = _load_image_to_edit_path( $attachment_id );
        }

        $image_editor = wp_get_image_editor( $image_file_to_edit );

        if ( is_wp_error( $image_editor ) ) {
            return new WP_Error(
                'rest_unknown_image_file_type',
                __( 'Unable to edit this image.' ),
                array( 'status' => 500 )
            );
        }

        foreach ( $modifiers as $modifier ) {
            $args = $modifier['args'];
            switch ( $modifier['type'] ) {
                case 'flip':
                    /*
                     * Flips the current image.
                     * The vertical flip is the first argument (flip along horizontal axis), the horizontal flip is the second argument (flip along vertical axis).
                     * See: WP_Image_Editor::flip()
                     */
                    $result = $image_editor->flip( $args['flip']['vertical'], $args['flip']['horizontal'] );
                    if ( is_wp_error( $result ) ) {
                        return new WP_Error(
                            'rest_image_flip_failed',
                            __( 'Unable to flip this image.' ),
                            array( 'status' => 500 )
                        );
                    }
                    break;
                case 'rotate':
                    // Rotation direction: clockwise vs. counterclockwise.
                    $rotate = 0 - $args['angle'];

                    if ( 0 !== $rotate ) {
                        $result = $image_editor->rotate( $rotate );

                        if ( is_wp_error( $result ) ) {
                            return new WP_Error(
                                'rest_image_rotation_failed',
                                __( 'Unable to rotate this image.' ),
                                array( 'status' => 500 )
                            );
                        }
                    }

                    break;

                case 'crop':
                    $size = $image_editor->get_size();

                    $crop_x = (int) round( ( $size['width'] * $args['left'] ) / 100.0 );
                    $crop_y = (int) round( ( $size['height'] * $args['top'] ) / 100.0 );
                    $width  = (int) round( ( $size['width'] * $args['width'] ) / 100.0 );
                    $height = (int) round( ( $size['height'] * $args['height'] ) / 100.0 );

                    if ( $size['width'] !== $width || $size['height'] !== $height ) {
                        $result = $image_editor->crop( $crop_x, $crop_y, $width, $height );

                        if ( is_wp_error( $result ) ) {
                            return new WP_Error(
                                'rest_image_crop_failed',
                                __( 'Unable to crop this image.' ),
                                array( 'status' => 500 )
                            );
                        }
                    }

                    break;

            }
        }

        // Calculate the file name.
        $image_ext  = pathinfo( $image_file, PATHINFO_EXTENSION );
        $image_name = wp_basename( $image_file, ".{$image_ext}" );

        /*
         * Do not append multiple `-edited` to the file name.
         * The user may be editing a previously edited image.
         */
        if ( preg_match( '/-edited(-\d+)?$/', $image_name ) ) {
            // Remove any `-1`, `-2`, etc. `wp_unique_filename()` will add the proper number.
            $image_name = preg_replace( '/-edited(-\d+)?$/', '-edited', $image_name );
        } else {
            // Append `-edited` before the extension.
            $image_name .= '-edited';
        }

        $filename = "{$image_name}.{$image_ext}";

        // Create the uploads subdirectory if needed.
        $uploads = wp_upload_dir();

        // Make the file name unique in the (new) upload directory.
        $filename = wp_unique_filename( $uploads['path'], $filename );

        // Save to disk.
        $saved = $image_editor->save( $uploads['path'] . "/$filename" );

        if ( is_wp_error( $saved ) ) {
            return $saved;
        }

        // Grab original attachment post so we can use it to set defaults.
        $original_attachment_post = get_post( $attachment_id );

        // Check request fields and assign default values.
        $new_attachment_post                 = $this->prepare_item_for_database( $request );
        $new_attachment_post->post_mime_type = $saved['mime-type'];
        $new_attachment_post->guid           = $uploads['url'] . "/$filename";

        // Unset ID so wp_insert_attachment generates a new ID.
        unset( $new_attachment_post->ID );

        // Set new attachment post title with fallbacks.
        $new_attachment_post->post_title = $new_attachment_post->post_title ?? $original_attachment_post->post_title ?? $image_name;

        // Set new attachment post caption (post_excerpt).
        $new_attachment_post->post_excerpt = $new_attachment_post->post_excerpt ?? $original_attachment_post->post_excerpt ?? '';

        // Set new attachment post description (post_content) with fallbacks.
        $new_attachment_post->post_content = $new_attachment_post->post_content ?? $original_attachment_post->post_content ?? '';

        // Set post parent if set in request, else the default of `0` (no parent).
        $new_attachment_post->post_parent = $new_attachment_post->post_parent ?? 0;

        // Insert the new attachment post.
        $new_attachment_id = wp_insert_attachment( wp_slash( (array) $new_attachment_post ), $saved['path'], 0, true );

        if ( is_wp_error( $new_attachment_id ) ) {
            if ( 'db_update_error' === $new_attachment_id->get_error_code() ) {
                $new_attachment_id->add_data( array( 'status' => 500 ) );
            } else {
                $new_attachment_id->add_data( array( 'status' => 400 ) );
            }

            return $new_attachment_id;
        }

        // First, try to use the alt text from the request. If not set, copy the image alt text from the original attachment.
        $image_alt = isset( $request['alt_text'] ) ? sanitize_text_field( $request['alt_text'] ) : get_post_meta( $attachment_id, '_wp_attachment_image_alt', true );

        if ( ! empty( $image_alt ) ) {
            // update_post_meta() expects slashed.
            update_post_meta( $new_attachment_id, '_wp_attachment_image_alt', wp_slash( $image_alt ) );
        }

        if ( wp_is_serving_rest_request() ) {
            /*
             * Set a custom header with the attachment_id.
             * Used by the browser/client to resume creating image sub-sizes after a PHP fatal error.
             */
            header( 'X-WP-Upload-Attachment-ID: ' . $new_attachment_id );
        }

        // Generate image sub-sizes and meta.
        $new_image_meta = wp_generate_attachment_metadata( $new_attachment_id, $saved['path'] );

        // Copy the EXIF metadata from the original attachment if not generated for the edited image.
        if ( isset( $image_meta['image_meta'] ) && isset( $new_image_meta['image_meta'] ) && is_array( $new_image_meta['image_meta'] ) ) {
            // Merge but skip empty values.
            foreach ( (array) $image_meta['image_meta'] as $key => $value ) {
                if ( empty( $new_image_meta['image_meta'][ $key ] ) && ! empty( $value ) ) {
                    $new_image_meta['image_meta'][ $key ] = $value;
                }
            }
        }

        // Reset orientation. At this point the image is edited and orientation is correct.
        if ( ! empty( $new_image_meta['image_meta']['orientation'] ) ) {
            $new_image_meta['image_meta']['orientation'] = 1;
        }

        // The attachment_id may change if the site is exported and imported.
        $new_image_meta['parent_image'] = array(
            'attachment_id' => $attachment_id,
            // Path to the originally uploaded image file relative to the uploads directory.
            'file'          => _wp_relative_upload_path( $image_file ),
        );

        /**
         * Filters the meta data for the new image created by editing an existing image.
         *
         * @since 5.5.0
         *
         * @param array $new_image_meta    Meta data for the new image.
         * @param int   $new_attachment_id Attachment post ID for the new image.
         * @param int   $attachment_id     Attachment post ID for the edited (parent) image.
         */
        $new_image_meta = apply_filters( 'wp_edited_image_metadata', $new_image_meta, $new_attachment_id, $attachment_id );

        wp_update_attachment_metadata( $new_attachment_id, $new_image_meta );

        $response = $this->prepare_item_for_response( get_post( $new_attachment_id ), $request );
        $response->set_status( 201 );
        $response->header( 'Location', rest_url( sprintf( '%s/%s/%s', $this->namespace, $this->rest_base, $new_attachment_id ) ) );

        return $response;
    }

    /**
     * Prepares a single attachment for create or update.
     *
     * @since 4.7.0
     *
     * @param WP_REST_Request $request Request object.
     * @return stdClass|WP_Error Post object.
     */
    protected function prepare_item_for_database( $request ) {
        $prepared_attachment = parent::prepare_item_for_database( $request );

        // Attachment caption (post_excerpt internally).
        if ( isset( $request['caption'] ) ) {
            if ( is_string( $request['caption'] ) ) {
                $prepared_attachment->post_excerpt = $request['caption'];
            } elseif ( isset( $request['caption']['raw'] ) ) {
                $prepared_attachment->post_excerpt = $request['caption']['raw'];
            }
        }

        // Attachment description (post_content internally).
        if ( isset( $request['description'] ) ) {
            if ( is_string( $request['description'] ) ) {
                $prepared_attachment->post_content = $request['description'];
            } elseif ( isset( $request['description']['raw'] ) ) {
                $prepared_attachment->post_content = $request['description']['raw'];
            }
        }

        if ( isset( $request['post'] ) ) {
            $prepared_attachment->post_parent = (int) $request['post'];
        }

        return $prepared_attachment;
    }

    /**
     * Prepares a single attachment output for response.
     *
     * @since 4.7.0
     * @since 5.9.0 Renamed `$post` to `$item` to match parent class for PHP 8 named parameter support.
     *
     * @param WP_Post         $item    Attachment object.
     * @param WP_REST_Request $request Request object.
     * @return WP_REST_Response Response object.
     */
    public function prepare_item_for_response( $item, $request ) {
        // Restores the more descriptive, specific name for use within this method.
        $post = $item;

        $response = parent::prepare_item_for_response( $post, $request );
        $fields   = $this->get_fields_for_response( $request );
        $data     = $response->get_data();

        if ( in_array( 'description', $fields, true ) ) {
            $data['description'] = array(
                'raw'      => $post->post_content,
                /** This filter is documented in wp-includes/post-template.php */
                'rendered' => apply_filters( 'the_content', $post->post_content ),
            );
        }

        if ( in_array( 'caption', $fields, true ) ) {
            /** This filter is documented in wp-includes/post-template.php */
            $caption = apply_filters( 'get_the_excerpt', $post->post_excerpt, $post );

            /** This filter is documented in wp-includes/post-template.php */
            $caption = apply_filters( 'the_excerpt', $caption );

            $data['caption'] = array(
                'raw'      => $post->post_excerpt,
                'rendered' => $caption,
            );
        }

        if ( in_array( 'alt_text', $fields, true ) ) {
            $data['alt_text'] = get_post_meta( $post->ID, '_wp_attachment_image_alt', true );
        }

        if ( in_array( 'media_type', $fields, true ) ) {
            $data['media_type'] = wp_attachment_is_image( $post->ID ) ? 'image' : 'file';
        }

        if ( in_array( 'mime_type', $fields, true ) ) {
            $data['mime_type'] = $post->post_mime_type;
        }

        if ( in_array( 'media_details', $fields, true ) ) {
            $data['media_details'] = wp_get_attachment_metadata( $post->ID );

            // Ensure empty details is an empty object.
            if ( empty( $data['media_details'] ) ) {
                $data['media_details'] = new stdClass();
            } elseif ( ! empty( $data['media_details']['sizes'] ) ) {

                foreach ( $data['media_details']['sizes'] as $size => &$size_data ) {

                    if ( isset( $size_data['mime-type'] ) ) {
                        $size_data['mime_type'] = $size_data['mime-type'];
                        unset( $size_data['mime-type'] );
                    }

                    // Use the same method image_downsize() does.
                    $image_src = wp_get_attachment_image_src( $post->ID, $size );
                    if ( ! $image_src ) {
                        continue;
                    }

                    $size_data['source_url'] = $image_src[0];
                }

                $full_src = wp_get_attachment_image_src( $post->ID, 'full' );

                if ( ! empty( $full_src ) ) {
                    $data['media_details']['sizes']['full'] = array(
                        'file'       => wp_basename( $full_src[0] ),
                        'width'      => $full_src[1],
                        'height'     => $full_src[2],
                        'mime_type'  => $post->post_mime_type,
                        'source_url' => $full_src[0],
                    );
                }
            } else {
                $data['media_details']['sizes'] = new stdClass();
            }
        }

        if ( in_array( 'post', $fields, true ) ) {
            $data['post'] = ! empty( $post->post_parent ) ? (int) $post->post_parent : null;
        }

        if ( in_array( 'source_url', $fields, true ) ) {
            $data['source_url'] = wp_get_attachment_url( $post->ID );
        }

        if ( in_array( 'missing_image_sizes', $fields, true ) ) {
            require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/image.php';
            $data['missing_image_sizes'] = array_keys( wp_get_missing_image_subsizes( $post->ID ) );

            // Handle PDFs which don't use wp_get_missing_image_subsizes().
            if ( empty( $data['missing_image_sizes'] ) && 'application/pdf' === get_post_mime_type( $post ) ) {
                $metadata = wp_get_attachment_metadata( $post->ID, true );

                if ( ! is_array( $metadata ) ) {
                    $metadata = array();
                }

                $metadata['sizes'] = $metadata['sizes'] ?? array();

                $fallback_sizes = array(
                    'thumbnail',
                    'medium',
                    'large',
                );

                // The filter might have been added by ::create_item().
                remove_filter( 'fallback_intermediate_image_sizes', '__return_empty_array', 100 );

                /** This filter is documented in wp-admin/includes/image.php */
                $fallback_sizes = apply_filters( 'fallback_intermediate_image_sizes', $fallback_sizes, $metadata );

                $registered_sizes = wp_get_registered_image_subsizes();
                $merged_sizes     = array_keys( array_intersect_key( $registered_sizes, array_flip( $fallback_sizes ) ) );

                $data['missing_image_sizes'] = array_values( array_diff( $merged_sizes, array_keys( $metadata['sizes'] ) ) );
            }
        }

        if ( in_array( 'filename', $fields, true ) ) {
            $data['filename'] = $this->get_attachment_filename( $post->ID );
        }

        if ( in_array( 'filesize', $fields, true ) ) {
            $data['filesize'] = $this->get_attachment_filesize( $post->ID );
        }

        if ( in_array( 'exif_orientation', $fields, true ) && wp_attachment_is_image( $post ) ) {
            $metadata = wp_get_attachment_metadata( $post->ID, true );

            // Default to 1 (no rotation needed) if orientation not set.
            $orientation = 1;

            if (
                is_array( $metadata ) &&
                isset( $metadata['image_meta']['orientation'] ) &&
                (int) $metadata['image_meta']['orientation'] > 0
            ) {
                $orientation = (int) $metadata['image_meta']['orientation'];
            }

            $data['exif_orientation'] = $orientation;
        }

        $context = ! empty( $request['context'] ) ? $request['context'] : 'view';

        $data = $this->filter_response_by_context( $data, $context );

        $links = $response->get_links();

        // Wrap the data in a response object.
        $response = rest_ensure_response( $data );

        foreach ( $links as $rel => $rel_links ) {
            foreach ( $rel_links as $link ) {
                $response->add_link( $rel, $link['href'], $link['attributes'] );
            }
        }

        /**
         * Filters an attachment returned from the REST API.
         *
         * Allows modification of the attachment right before it is returned.
         *
         * @since 4.7.0
         *
         * @param WP_REST_Response $response The response object.
         * @param WP_Post          $post     The original attachment post.
         * @param WP_REST_Request  $request  Request used to generate the response.
         */
        return apply_filters( 'rest_prepare_attachment', $response, $post, $request );
    }

    /**
     * Prepares attachment links for the request.
     *
     * @since 6.9.0
     *
     * @param WP_Post $post Post object.
     * @return array Links for the given attachment.
     */
    protected function prepare_links( $post ) {
        $links = parent::prepare_links( $post );

        if ( ! empty( $post->post_parent ) ) {
            $post = get_post( $post->post_parent );

            if ( ! empty( $post ) ) {
                $links['https://api.w.org/attached-to'] = array(
                    'href'       => rest_url( rest_get_route_for_post( $post ) ),
                    'embeddable' => true,
                    'post_type'  => $post->post_type,
                    'id'         => $post->ID,
                );
            }
        }

        return $links;
    }

    /**
     * Retrieves the attachment's schema, conforming to JSON Schema.
     *
     * @since 4.7.0
     *
     * @return array Item schema as an array.
     */
    public function get_item_schema() {
        if ( $this->schema ) {
            return $this->add_additional_fields_schema( $this->schema );
        }

        $schema = parent::get_item_schema();

        $schema['properties']['alt_text'] = array(
            'description' => __( 'Alternative text to display when attachment is not displayed.' ),
            'type'        => 'string',
            'context'     => array( 'view', 'edit', 'embed' ),
            'arg_options' => array(
                'sanitize_callback' => 'sanitize_text_field',
            ),
        );

        $schema['properties']['caption'] = array(
            'description' => __( 'The attachment caption.' ),
            'type'        => 'object',
            'context'     => array( 'view', 'edit', 'embed' ),
            'arg_options' => array(
                'sanitize_callback' => null, // Note: sanitization implemented in self::prepare_item_for_database().
                'validate_callback' => null, // Note: validation implemented in self::prepare_item_for_database().
            ),
            'properties'  => array(
                'raw'      => array(
                    'description' => __( 'Caption for the attachment, as it exists in the database.' ),
                    'type'        => 'string',
                    'context'     => array( 'edit' ),
                ),
                'rendered' => array(
                    'description' => __( 'HTML caption for the attachment, transformed for display.' ),
                    'type'        => 'string',
                    'context'     => array( 'view', 'edit', 'embed' ),
                    'readonly'    => true,
                ),
            ),
        );

        $schema['properties']['description'] = array(
            'description' => __( 'The attachment description.' ),
            'type'        => 'object',
            'context'     => array( 'view', 'edit' ),
            'arg_options' => array(
                'sanitize_callback' => null, // Note: sanitization implemented in self::prepare_item_for_database().
                'validate_callback' => null, // Note: validation implemented in self::prepare_item_for_database().
            ),
            'properties'  => array(
                'raw'      => array(
                    'description' => __( 'Description for the attachment, as it exists in the database.' ),
                    'type'        => 'string',
                    'context'     => array( 'edit' ),
                ),
                'rendered' => array(
                    'description' => __( 'HTML description for the attachment, transformed for display.' ),
                    'type'        => 'string',
                    'context'     => array( 'view', 'edit' ),
                    'readonly'    => true,
                ),
            ),
        );

        $schema['properties']['media_type'] = array(
            'description' => __( 'Attachment type.' ),
            'type'        => 'string',
            'enum'        => array( 'image', 'file' ),
            'context'     => array( 'view', 'edit', 'embed' ),
            'readonly'    => true,
        );

        $schema['properties']['mime_type'] = array(
            'description' => __( 'The attachment MIME type.' ),
            'type'        => 'string',
            'context'     => array( 'view', 'edit', 'embed' ),
            'readonly'    => true,
        );

        $schema['properties']['media_details'] = array(
            'description' => __( 'Details about the media file, specific to its type.' ),
            'type'        => 'object',
            'context'     => array( 'view', 'edit', 'embed' ),
            'readonly'    => true,
        );

        $schema['properties']['post'] = array(
            'description' => __( 'The ID for the associated post of the attachment.' ),
            'type'        => 'integer',
            'context'     => array( 'view', 'edit' ),
        );

        $schema['properties']['source_url'] = array(
            'description' => __( 'URL to the original attachment file.' ),
            'type'        => 'string',
            'format'      => 'uri',
            'context'     => array( 'view', 'edit', 'embed' ),
            'readonly'    => true,
        );

        $schema['properties']['missing_image_sizes'] = array(
            'description' => __( 'List of the missing image sizes of the attachment.' ),
            'type'        => 'array',
            'items'       => array( 'type' => 'string' ),
            'context'     => array( 'edit' ),
            'readonly'    => true,
        );

        $schema['properties']['filename'] = array(
            'description' => __( 'Original attachment file name.' ),
            'type'        => 'string',
            'context'     => array( 'view', 'edit' ),
            'readonly'    => true,
        );

        $schema['properties']['filesize'] = array(
            'description' => __( 'Attachment file size in bytes.' ),
            'type'        => 'integer',
            'context'     => array( 'view', 'edit' ),
            'readonly'    => true,
        );

        $schema['properties']['exif_orientation'] = array(
            'description' => __( 'EXIF orientation value. Values 1-8 follow the EXIF specification, where 1 means no rotation needed.' ),
            'type'        => 'integer',
            'context'     => array( 'edit' ),
            'readonly'    => true,
        );

        unset( $schema['properties']['password'] );

        $this->schema = $schema;

        return $this->add_additional_fields_schema( $this->schema );
    }

    /**
     * Handles an upload via raw POST data.
     *
     * @since 4.7.0
     * @since 6.6.0 Added the `$time` parameter.
     *
     * @param string      $data    Supplied file data.
     * @param array       $headers HTTP headers from the request.
     * @param string|null $time    Optional. Time formatted in 'yyyy/mm'. Default null.
     * @return array|WP_Error Data from wp_handle_sideload().
     */
    protected function upload_from_data( $data, $headers, $time = null ) {
        if ( empty( $data ) ) {
            return new WP_Error(
                'rest_upload_no_data',
                __( 'No data supplied.' ),
                array( 'status' => 400 )
            );
        }

        if ( empty( $headers['content_type'] ) ) {
            return new WP_Error(
                'rest_upload_no_content_type',
                __( 'No Content-Type supplied.' ),
                array( 'status' => 400 )
            );
        }

        if ( empty( $headers['content_disposition'] ) ) {
            return new WP_Error(
                'rest_upload_no_content_disposition',
                __( 'No Content-Disposition supplied.' ),
                array( 'status' => 400 )
            );
        }

        $filename = self::get_filename_from_disposition( $headers['content_disposition'] );

        if ( empty( $filename ) ) {
            return new WP_Error(
                'rest_upload_invalid_disposition',
                __( 'Invalid Content-Disposition supplied. Content-Disposition needs to be formatted as `attachment; filename="image.png"` or similar.' ),
                array( 'status' => 400 )
            );
        }

        if ( ! empty( $headers['content_md5'] ) ) {
            $content_md5 = array_shift( $headers['content_md5'] );
            $expected    = trim( $content_md5 );
            $actual      = md5( $data );

            if ( $expected !== $actual ) {
                return new WP_Error(
                    'rest_upload_hash_mismatch',
                    __( 'Content hash did not match expected.' ),
                    array( 'status' => 412 )
                );
            }
        }

        // Get the content-type.
        $type = array_shift( $headers['content_type'] );

        // Include filesystem functions to get access to wp_tempnam() and wp_handle_sideload().
        require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/file.php';

        // Save the file.
        $tmpfname = wp_tempnam( $filename );

        $fp = fopen( $tmpfname, 'w+' );

        if ( ! $fp ) {
            return new WP_Error(
                'rest_upload_file_error',
                __( 'Could not open file handle.' ),
                array( 'status' => 500 )
            );
        }

        fwrite( $fp, $data );
        fclose( $fp );

        // Now, sideload it in.
        $file_data = array(
            'error'    => null,
            'tmp_name' => $tmpfname,
            'name'     => $filename,
            'type'     => $type,
        );

        $size_check = self::check_upload_size( $file_data );
        if ( is_wp_error( $size_check ) ) {
            return $size_check;
        }

        $overrides = array(
            'test_form' => false,
        );

        $sideloaded = wp_handle_sideload( $file_data, $overrides, $time );

        if ( isset( $sideloaded['error'] ) ) {
            @unlink( $tmpfname );

            return new WP_Error(
                'rest_upload_sideload_error',
                $sideloaded['error'],
                array( 'status' => 500 )
            );
        }

        return $sideloaded;
    }

    /**
     * Parses filename from a Content-Disposition header value.
     *
     * As per RFC6266:
     *
     *     content-disposition = "Content-Disposition" ":"
     *                            disposition-type *( ";" disposition-parm )
     *
     *     disposition-type    = "inline" | "attachment" | disp-ext-type
     *                         ; case-insensitive
     *     disp-ext-type       = token
     *
     *     disposition-parm    = filename-parm | disp-ext-parm
     *
     *     filename-parm       = "filename" "=" value
     *                         | "filename*" "=" ext-value
     *
     *     disp-ext-parm       = token "=" value
     *                         | ext-token "=" ext-value
     *     ext-token           = <the characters in token, followed by "*">
     *
     * @since 4.7.0
     *
     * @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2388
     * @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6266
     *
     * @param string[] $disposition_header List of Content-Disposition header values.
     * @return string|null Filename if available, or null if not found.
     */
    public static function get_filename_from_disposition( $disposition_header ) {
        // Get the filename.
        $filename = null;

        foreach ( $disposition_header as $value ) {
            $value = trim( $value );

            if ( ! str_contains( $value, ';' ) ) {
                continue;
            }

            list( , $attr_parts ) = explode( ';', $value, 2 );

            $attr_parts = explode( ';', $attr_parts );
            $attributes = array();

            foreach ( $attr_parts as $part ) {
                if ( ! str_contains( $part, '=' ) ) {
                    continue;
                }

                list( $key, $value ) = explode( '=', $part, 2 );

                $attributes[ trim( $key ) ] = trim( $value );
            }

            if ( empty( $attributes['filename'] ) ) {
                continue;
            }

            $filename = trim( $attributes['filename'] );

            // Unquote quoted filename, but after trimming.
            if ( str_starts_with( $filename, '"' ) && str_ends_with( $filename, '"' ) ) {
                $filename = substr( $filename, 1, -1 );
            }
        }

        return $filename;
    }

    /**
     * Retrieves the query params for collections of attachments.
     *
     * @since 4.7.0
     * @since 6.9.0 Extends the `media_type` and `mime_type` request arguments to support array values.
     *
     * @return array Query parameters for the attachment collection as an array.
     */
    public function get_collection_params() {
        $params                            = parent::get_collection_params();
        $params['status']['default']       = 'inherit';
        $params['status']['items']['enum'] = array( 'inherit', 'private', 'trash' );
        $media_types                       = array_keys( $this->get_media_types() );

        $params['media_type'] = array(
            'default'     => null,
            'description' => __( 'Limit result set to attachments of a particular media type or media types.' ),
            'type'        => 'array',
            'items'       => array(
                'type' => 'string',
                'enum' => $media_types,
            ),
        );

        $params['mime_type'] = array(
            'default'     => null,
            'description' => __( 'Limit result set to attachments of a particular MIME type or MIME types.' ),
            'type'        => 'array',
            'items'       => array(
                'type' => 'string',
            ),
        );

        return $params;
    }

    /**
     * Handles an upload via multipart/form-data ($_FILES).
     *
     * @since 4.7.0
     * @since 6.6.0 Added the `$time` parameter.
     *
     * @param array       $files   Data from the `$_FILES` superglobal.
     * @param array       $headers HTTP headers from the request.
     * @param string|null $time    Optional. Time formatted in 'yyyy/mm'. Default null.
     * @return array|WP_Error Data from wp_handle_upload().
     */
    protected function upload_from_file( $files, $headers, $time = null ) {
        if ( empty( $files ) ) {
            return new WP_Error(
                'rest_upload_no_data',
                __( 'No data supplied.' ),
                array( 'status' => 400 )
            );
        }

        // Verify hash, if given.
        if ( ! empty( $headers['content_md5'] ) ) {
            $content_md5 = array_shift( $headers['content_md5'] );
            $expected    = trim( $content_md5 );
            $actual      = md5_file( $files['file']['tmp_name'] );

            if ( $expected !== $actual ) {
                return new WP_Error(
                    'rest_upload_hash_mismatch',
                    __( 'Content hash did not match expected.' ),
                    array( 'status' => 412 )
                );
            }
        }

        // Pass off to WP to handle the actual upload.
        $overrides = array(
            'test_form' => false,
        );

        // Bypasses is_uploaded_file() when running unit tests.
        if ( defined( 'DIR_TESTDATA' ) && DIR_TESTDATA ) {
            $overrides['action'] = 'wp_handle_mock_upload';
        }

        $size_check = self::check_upload_size( $files['file'] );
        if ( is_wp_error( $size_check ) ) {
            return $size_check;
        }

        // Include filesystem functions to get access to wp_handle_upload().
        require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/file.php';

        $file = wp_handle_upload( $files['file'], $overrides, $time );

        if ( isset( $file['error'] ) ) {
            return new WP_Error(
                'rest_upload_unknown_error',
                $file['error'],
                array( 'status' => 500 )
            );
        }

        return $file;
    }

    /**
     * Retrieves the supported media types.
     *
     * Media types are considered the MIME type category.
     *
     * @since 4.7.0
     *
     * @return array Array of supported media types.
     */
    protected function get_media_types() {
        $media_types = array();

        foreach ( get_allowed_mime_types() as $mime_type ) {
            $parts = explode( '/', $mime_type );

            if ( ! isset( $media_types[ $parts[0] ] ) ) {
                $media_types[ $parts[0] ] = array();
            }

            $media_types[ $parts[0] ][] = $mime_type;
        }

        return $media_types;
    }

    /**
     * Determine if uploaded file exceeds space quota on multisite.
     *
     * Replicates check_upload_size().
     *
     * @since 4.9.8
     *
     * @param array $file $_FILES array for a given file.
     * @return true|WP_Error True if can upload, error for errors.
     */
    protected function check_upload_size( $file ) {
        if ( ! is_multisite() ) {
            return true;
        }

        if ( get_site_option( 'upload_space_check_disabled' ) ) {
            return true;
        }

        $space_left = get_upload_space_available();

        $file_size = filesize( $file['tmp_name'] );

        if ( $space_left < $file_size ) {
            return new WP_Error(
                'rest_upload_limited_space',
                /* translators: %s: Required disk space in kilobytes. */
                sprintf( __( 'Not enough space to upload. %s KB needed.' ), number_format( ( $file_size - $space_left ) / KB_IN_BYTES ) ),
                array( 'status' => 400 )
            );
        }

        if ( $file_size > ( KB_IN_BYTES * get_site_option( 'fileupload_maxk', 1500 ) ) ) {
            return new WP_Error(
                'rest_upload_file_too_big',
                /* translators: %s: Maximum allowed file size in kilobytes. */
                sprintf( __( 'This file is too big. Files must be less than %s KB in size.' ), get_site_option( 'fileupload_maxk', 1500 ) ),
                array( 'status' => 400 )
            );
        }

        // Include multisite admin functions to get access to upload_is_user_over_quota().
        require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/ms.php';

        if ( upload_is_user_over_quota( false ) ) {
            return new WP_Error(
                'rest_upload_user_quota_exceeded',
                __( 'You have used your space quota. Please delete files before uploading.' ),
                array( 'status' => 400 )
            );
        }

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the request args for the edit item route.
     *
     * @since 5.5.0
     * @since 6.9.0 Adds flips capability and editable fields for the newly-created attachment post.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    protected function get_edit_media_item_args() {
        $args = array(
            'src'       => array(
                'description' => __( 'URL to the edited image file.' ),
                'type'        => 'string',
                'format'      => 'uri',
                'required'    => true,
            ),
            // The `modifiers` param takes precedence over the older format.
            'modifiers' => array(
                'description' => __( 'Array of image edits.' ),
                'type'        => 'array',
                'minItems'    => 1,
                'items'       => array(
                    'description' => __( 'Image edit.' ),
                    'type'        => 'object',
                    'required'    => array(
                        'type',
                        'args',
                    ),
                    'oneOf'       => array(
                        array(
                            'title'      => __( 'Flip' ),
                            'properties' => array(
                                'type' => array(
                                    'description' => __( 'Flip type.' ),
                                    'type'        => 'string',
                                    'enum'        => array( 'flip' ),
                                ),
                                'args' => array(
                                    'description' => __( 'Flip arguments.' ),
                                    'type'        => 'object',
                                    'required'    => array(
                                        'flip',
                                    ),
                                    'properties'  => array(
                                        'flip' => array(
                                            'description' => __( 'Flip direction.' ),
                                            'type'        => 'object',
                                            'required'    => array(
                                                'horizontal',
                                                'vertical',
                                            ),
                                            'properties'  => array(
                                                'horizontal' => array(
                                                    'description' => __( 'Whether to flip in the horizontal direction.' ),
                                                    'type' => 'boolean',
                                                ),
                                                'vertical' => array(
                                                    'description' => __( 'Whether to flip in the vertical direction.' ),
                                                    'type' => 'boolean',
                                                ),
                                            ),
                                        ),
                                    ),
                                ),
                            ),
                        ),
                        array(
                            'title'      => __( 'Rotation' ),
                            'properties' => array(
                                'type' => array(
                                    'description' => __( 'Rotation type.' ),
                                    'type'        => 'string',
                                    'enum'        => array( 'rotate' ),
                                ),
                                'args' => array(
                                    'description' => __( 'Rotation arguments.' ),
                                    'type'        => 'object',
                                    'required'    => array(
                                        'angle',
                                    ),
                                    'properties'  => array(
                                        'angle' => array(
                                            'description' => __( 'Angle to rotate clockwise in degrees.' ),
                                            'type'        => 'number',
                                        ),
                                    ),
                                ),
                            ),
                        ),
                        array(
                            'title'      => __( 'Crop' ),
                            'properties' => array(
                                'type' => array(
                                    'description' => __( 'Crop type.' ),
                                    'type'        => 'string',
                                    'enum'        => array( 'crop' ),
                                ),
                                'args' => array(
                                    'description' => __( 'Crop arguments.' ),
                                    'type'        => 'object',
                                    'required'    => array(
                                        'left',
                                        'top',
                                        'width',
                                        'height',
                                    ),
                                    'properties'  => array(
                                        'left'   => array(
                                            'description' => __( 'Horizontal position from the left to begin the crop as a percentage of the image width.' ),
                                            'type'        => 'number',
                                        ),
                                        'top'    => array(
                                            'description' => __( 'Vertical position from the top to begin the crop as a percentage of the image height.' ),
                                            'type'        => 'number',
                                        ),
                                        'width'  => array(
                                            'description' => __( 'Width of the crop as a percentage of the image width.' ),
                                            'type'        => 'number',
                                        ),
                                        'height' => array(
                                            'description' => __( 'Height of the crop as a percentage of the image height.' ),
                                            'type'        => 'number',
                                        ),
                                    ),
                                ),
                            ),
                        ),
                    ),
                ),
            ),
            'rotation'  => array(
                'description'      => __( 'The amount to rotate the image clockwise in degrees. DEPRECATED: Use `modifiers` instead.' ),
                'type'             => 'integer',
                'minimum'          => 0,
                'exclusiveMinimum' => true,
                'maximum'          => 360,
                'exclusiveMaximum' => true,
            ),
            'x'         => array(
                'description' => __( 'As a percentage of the image, the x position to start the crop from. DEPRECATED: Use `modifiers` instead.' ),
                'type'        => 'number',
                'minimum'     => 0,
                'maximum'     => 100,
            ),
            'y'         => array(
                'description' => __( 'As a percentage of the image, the y position to start the crop from. DEPRECATED: Use `modifiers` instead.' ),
                'type'        => 'number',
                'minimum'     => 0,
                'maximum'     => 100,
            ),
            'width'     => array(
                'description' => __( 'As a percentage of the image, the width to crop the image to. DEPRECATED: Use `modifiers` instead.' ),
                'type'        => 'number',
                'minimum'     => 0,
                'maximum'     => 100,
            ),
            'height'    => array(
                'description' => __( 'As a percentage of the image, the height to crop the image to. DEPRECATED: Use `modifiers` instead.' ),
                'type'        => 'number',
                'minimum'     => 0,
                'maximum'     => 100,
            ),
        );

        /*
         * Get the args based on the post schema. This calls `rest_get_endpoint_args_for_schema()`,
         * which also takes care of sanitization and validation.
         */
        $update_item_args = $this->get_endpoint_args_for_item_schema( WP_REST_Server::EDITABLE );

        if ( isset( $update_item_args['caption'] ) ) {
            $args['caption'] = $update_item_args['caption'];
        }

        if ( isset( $update_item_args['description'] ) ) {
            $args['description'] = $update_item_args['description'];
        }

        if ( isset( $update_item_args['title'] ) ) {
            $args['title'] = $update_item_args['title'];
        }

        if ( isset( $update_item_args['post'] ) ) {
            $args['post'] = $update_item_args['post'];
        }

        if ( isset( $update_item_args['alt_text'] ) ) {
            $args['alt_text'] = $update_item_args['alt_text'];
        }

        return $args;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the attachment's original file name.
     *
     * @since 7.0.0
     *
     * @param int $attachment_id Attachment ID.
     * @return string|null Attachment file name, or null if not found.
     */
    protected function get_attachment_filename( int $attachment_id ): ?string {
        $path = wp_get_original_image_path( $attachment_id );

        if ( $path ) {
            return wp_basename( $path );
        }

        $path = get_attached_file( $attachment_id );

        if ( $path ) {
            return wp_basename( $path );
        }

        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the attachment's file size in bytes.
     *
     * @since 7.0.0
     *
     * @param int $attachment_id Attachment ID.
     * @return int|null Attachment file size in bytes, or null if not available.
     */
    protected function get_attachment_filesize( int $attachment_id ): ?int {
        $meta = wp_get_attachment_metadata( $attachment_id );

        if ( isset( $meta['filesize'] ) ) {
            return $meta['filesize'];
        }

        $original_path = wp_get_original_image_path( $attachment_id );
        $attached_file = $original_path ? $original_path : get_attached_file( $attachment_id );

        if ( is_string( $attached_file ) && is_readable( $attached_file ) ) {
            return wp_filesize( $attached_file );
        }

        return null;
    }
}